English civil war (1215-1217)

English civil war (1215-1217)

•King john was  forced to sign Magna Carta 's peoples rights by the baronial rebellion

•King john was not respected by most of his  men during his 17-year reign from 1199-1216

•The barons captured  King John in London in April 1215 without resistance, John had to evade the baronial force of 2,000 knights for two months as it followed him around the south of England

•On 15 June, the two sides met at Runnymede and negotiated the Magna Carta, a document that conceded most of the baronial demands and limited the king's exclusive right to rule

• John had no intention of agreeing by its terms. He viewed the charter to give him time to assembled a bigger military force. Heavily dependent on borrowed money and hired mercenaries, John resumed fighting in September 1215.

•John's problems was made worse when Louis, the French king's son and heir, arrived in England (21 May 1216)

•Louis was welcomed by the citizenry of London, and crowned king of England.

•Shortly afterwards, on 23 October 1216, John died at Newark and his nine-year-old son Henry III took his place, who was more popular than his father.

•The primary responsibility for leading the war now fell on the two people, William Marshal and Hubert de Burgh

•Marshal proved himself, winning the allegiance of many of the rebel barons. When Lord Fitzwalterraised a rebel army of 600 knights and 20,000 French soldiers, Marshal retreated to Nottingham and waited for reinforcements

•While he had the bigger army, he laid siege to the rebel stronghold of Lincoln Castle, and secured a significant victory (23 May).

•This defeat, combined with the dislike of the French naval fleet off Sandwich in Kent, forced Louis to accept peace terms

•In return for a payment of 10,000 marks, the French dauphin agreed to abandon his claim to the English throne and to restore Normandy. Neither promise was fulfilled.

•Although Henry went on to rule England until 1272, the issue of regal versus baronial rights was never resolved during his reign. The most enduring legacy of the civil war was undoubtedly the Magna Carta, which inspired supporters of individual freedom long after the memory of the rebel barons had faded.

Powhatan War (1622 – 1644)      The Indian Massacre which took place 1622 too place in the English Colony of

     Virginia, which is now owned by the United States, which occurred on the 22nd 

      March 1622. Captain John Smith 'came unarmed into our houses with deer, turkey, fish, fruits and other supplies to sell us.' Suddenly Powhatan took any tool in which they could find sand killed any English which they seen, which of both genders at any age.

King Williams War(1688 -1697)

King William's war started in the year of 1688

and portrayed until late 1697, the war was also

known as the Second Indian War. The war was

fought between New France and New England

along with their respective Native allies before

Britain eventually defeated France IN North

America in 1763.

King William's War, England neither France decided to weaken their position in Europe, to help the war strength in North America.  France andWabanaki Confederacy were able to prevent New England's growth into Acadia, who border New France demarcated as the Kennebec River in the southern Maine.   

Magna Carta 1215

Magna Carta was a king in 1215 AD. The name Magna Carta in Latin means 'Great Charter'. The magna Carta was one of the most important documents which was wrote in  that time.

This document was signed by the royal seal and King John.

What the document was, was a series or written promises between the king and his people. The king would govern England and look after his fellow people  with their according custom of feudal law.

It was wrote to set rules for each person some people had rights within their own civilisation, it gave people jobs, freedom to speak and their rights to be treat like people, not slaves.

This is what started the proper human rights.

 Petition of right 

1628

PETITION OF RIGHT - 1628, Legislative declaration of the liberties and rights of the people, agreed by Charles the first in the beginning of his time in power (1628) he considered this document not as important as Magna Charta.

The petition included:

•that no freeman should be forced to pay any tax, loan, or benevolence, unless in accordance with an act of parliament

•that no freeman should be imprisoned contrary to the laws of the land

•that soldiers and sailors should not be billeted on private persons

•commissions to punish soldiers and sailors by martial law should be abolished.

British Bill of Right 1689

The Bill Of Rights 1689 – This is the original Act of the English Parliament it has been protecting by parliament since its been made. The Bill firmly established the principles of frequent parliaments, free elections and freedom of speech withinParliament. This bill includes no right of taxation without parliaments agreement this bill also can't be tampered with by government. The main points of the bill of rights are still enforced today particularly in legal cases, it was also used as a template for the US Bill of Rights 1789. it also has influenced other documents such as the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights and the European Convention on Human Rights.